● UJohnson kunye noJohnson
IJohnson & Johnson yasekwa ngo-1886 kwaye inekomkhulu eNew Jersey naseNew Brunswick, eMelika. IJohnson & Johnson yinkampani ye-biotechnology yamazwe ngamazwe, kunye nomvelisi weemveliso ezipakishwe ngabathengi kunye nezixhobo zonyango. Le nkampani isasaza kwaye ithengisa amayeza angaphezu kwe-172 eMelika. Amacandelo asebenzisanayo eyeza agxile kwizifo ezosulelayo, i-immunology, i-oncology kunye ne-neuroscience. Ngo-2015, iQiangsheng yayinabasebenzi abayi-126,500, iiasethi zizonke zi-$131 billion, kunye nentengiso ye-$74 billion.
● I-Roche
I-Roche Biotech yasekwa eSwitzerland ngo-1896. Ineemveliso ezili-14 ze-biopharmaceutical ezikwimarike kwaye izibiza njengeqabane elikhulu le-biotech kwihlabathi. I-Roche yayithengise yonke i-$51.6 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2015, ixabiso lemarike li-$229.6 yeebhiliyoni, kunye nabasebenzi abangama-88,500.
● I-Novartis
INovartis yasekwa ngo-1996 emva kokudibana kweSandoz kunye neCiba-Geigy. Le nkampani ivelisa amayeza, amayeza aqhelekileyo kunye neemveliso zokhathalelo lwamehlo. Ishishini lenkampani ligubungela iimarike ezikhulayo zeemarike ezisakhulayo eLatin America, eAsia naseAfrika. INovartis Healthcare yinkokeli yehlabathi kuphuhliso kunye nonyango oluphambili, kunye nokuthengiswa kwamayeza akhethekileyo. Ngo-2015, iNovartis yayinabasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-133,000 kwihlabathi liphela, iiasethi ze-$225.8 yeebhiliyoni, kunye nentengiso ye-$53.6 yeebhiliyoni.
● I-Pfizer
I-Pfizer yinkampani yehlabathi ye-biotechnology eyasekwa ngo-1849 kwaye inekomkhulu layo eNew York City, e-USA. Yathenga iBotox Maker Allergan nge-$160 yezigidi ngo-2015, isivumelwano esikhulu kunazo zonke kwicandelo lezonyango. Ngo-2015, i-Pfizer yayinempahla ye-$169.3 yezigidigidi kunye nentengiso ye-$49.6 yezigidigidi.
● I-Merck
I-Merck yasekwa ngo-1891 kwaye inekomkhulu layo eNew Jersey, eMelika. Yinkampani yehlabathi jikelele eyenza amayeza kagqirha, i-biotherapeutics, imijovo, kunye nempilo yezilwanyana kunye neemveliso zabathengi. I-Merck ityale imali eninzi ekulweni nobhubhane oluvelayo, kuquka i-Ebola. Ngo-2015, i-Merck yayinemali eyi-$150 yeebhiliyoni, intengiso ye-$42.2 yeebhiliyoni, kunye neempahla ze-$98.3 yeebhiliyoni.
● IiSayensi zaseGiliyadi
I-Gilead Sciences yinkampani ye-biopharmaceutical esekelwe kuphando ezinikele ekufumaneni, ekuphuhliseni nasekuthengiseni amayeza amatsha, enekomkhulu eliseCalifornia, e-USA. Ngo-2015, i-Gilead Sciences yayineempahla ezingama-34.7 eebhiliyoni zeerandi kunye nentengiso engama-25 eebhiliyoni zeerandi.
● iNovo Nordisk
INovo Nordisk yinkampani ye-biotechnology yamazwe ngamazwe ephethe ikomkhulu layo eDenmark, inezakhiwo zokuvelisa kumazwe asi-7 kunye nabasebenzi abangama-41,000 kunye neeofisi kumazwe angama-75 kwihlabathi liphela. Ngo-2015, iNovo Nordisk yayinempahla ye-$12.5 yeebhiliyoni kunye nentengiso ye-$15.8 yeebhiliyoni.
● I-Amgen
I-Amgen, enekomkhulu eliseThousand Oaks, eCalifornia, ivelisa amayeza onyango kwaye igxile ekuphuhliseni amayeza amatsha ngokusekelwe kwinkqubela phambili kwibhayoloji yemolekyuli kunye neyeseli. Le nkampani iphuhlisa unyango lwesifo samathambo, isifo sezintso, isifo samathambo kunye nezinye izifo ezinzulu. Ngo-2015, i-Amgen yayinempahla ye-$69 yeebhiliyoni kunye nentengiso ye-$20 yeebhiliyoni.
● I-Bristol-Myers Squibb
IBristol-Myers Squibb (Bristol) yinkampani ye-biotechnology enekomkhulu layo eNew York City, eMelika. IBristol-Myers Squibb ithenge i-iPierian nge-$725 yezigidi ngo-2015 kunye neFlexus Biosciences nge-$125 yezigidi ngo-2015. Ngo-2015, iBristol-Myers Squibb yayinempahla ye-$33.8 yezigidigidi kunye nentengiso ye-$15.9 yezigidigidi.
● iSanofi
ISanofi yinkampani yaseFransi esebenzisana namayeza ekomkhulu layo liseParis. Le nkampani igxile kwiigonyo zabantu, izisombululo zesifo seswekile kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo lwabathengi, amayeza amatsha kunye nezinye iimveliso. ISanofi isebenza kumazwe angaphezu kwe-100 kwihlabathi liphela, kuquka i-United States, kunye nekomkhulu layo lase-US eBridgewater, eNew Jersey. Ngo-2015, iSanofi yayinempahla iyonke eyi-$177.9 yeebhiliyoni kunye nentengiso eyi-$44.8 yeebhiliyoni.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Jan-22-2019