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I-Ninhydrin hydrate CAS: 485-47-2 Ixabiso lomenzi
I-Ninhydrin hydrate yikhemikhali esetyenziswa kakhulu kuhlalutyo lwe-forensic kunye ne-organic chemistry. Yi-crystalline powder engenambala okanye etyheli ekhanyayo enyibilikayo emanzini nakwi-organic solvents.
I-Ninhydrin hydrate yaziwa ngokukwazi kwayo ukusabela kunye nee-amino acids kunye nee-amines eziphambili, nto leyo evelisa umbala obonakalayo omfusa-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Le mpendulo isetyenziswa rhoqo kuhlalutyo lweminwe ye-forensic ukuze kubonwe kwaye kuphuculwe ukubonakala kweminwe efihlakeleyo kwiindawo ezinemingxuma. Isisombululo se-ninhydrin sidla ngokutshizwa phezu komphezulu, kwaye iminwe ikhula ngokuhamba kwexesha njengoko i-ninhydrin isabela kunye nee-amino acids ezikhoyo kwintsalela yeminwe.
Kwi-organic chemistry, i-ninhydrin hydrate isetyenziswa njenge-reagent yokufumanisa nokuhlaziya ii-amino acids, ii-peptides, kunye neeproteni. Ingasetyenziselwa ukumisela ubukho kunye nokulinganisa ubungakanani bee-amino acids kwisampuli. Impendulo kunye ne-ninhydrin iphumela ekwakhiweni kwemveliso enemibala, enokulinganiswa nge-spectrophotometric ukuqikelela uxinzelelo lwe-analyte.
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I-D-Luciferin CAS:2591-17-5 Ixabiso lomenzi
I-D-Luciferin yimolekyuli encinci ekhupha ukukhanya efumaneka kakhulu kwizinto eziphilayo ezikhanyayo ezifana neempukane, iibhaktheriya, kunye nezinto eziphilayo zaselwandle. Yinto ephambili kwimpendulo ye-luciferase, inkqubo ye-biochemical evelisa ukukhanya.
I-D-Luciferin idla ngokusetyenziswa njengesiseko sovavanyo lwe-bioluminescence kunye neendlela zokwenza imifanekiso, apho impendulo yayo kunye ne-luciferase ivelisa ukukhanya okunokufunyanwa nokulinganiswa. Oku kuyenza ibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zophando, kubandakanya ibhayoloji yemolekyuli, ukufunyanwa kwamayeza, kunye nemifanekiso ye-biomedical.
Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa zokukhanya, i-D-Luciferin isetyenziswe kakhulu kwizifundo ezibandakanya ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo, ukusebenzisana kweproteni neproteni, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwemiqondiso kwiiseli. Ibonelela ngendlela engangenisi ntsholongwane neyobuthathaka yokuphanda iinkqubo zebhayoloji ngexesha langempela.
Ukongeza, kuye kwaveliswa ii-derivatives ze-D-Luciferin kunye nee-analogs, ezivumela utshintsho kunye nokusetyenziswa okuhlukeneyo. Ezi derivatives eziguquliweyo zivumela amaza ahlukeneyo okukhupha ukukhanya, uzinzo oluphuculweyo, kunye nokungena ngcono kwezicubu.
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i-p-hydroxybenzoic acid, i-monosodium CAS:114-63-6
I-p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, i-monosodium (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-sodium 4-hydroxybenzoate) yikhemikhali enefomula yemolekyuli i-C7H5NaO3. Yityuwa yesodium ephuma kwi-p-hydroxybenzoic acid, eyikhompawundi yendalo efumaneka kwizityalo ezifana neziqhamo nemifuno.
I-p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, i-monosodium, isetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokulwa ne-antimicrobial. Isetyenziswa kakhulu njengesigcini ekutyeni, kwiziselo, kwizinto zokuthambisa, nakwiimveliso zokhathalelo lomntu ukuthintela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya, iifungi kunye negwele. Inceda ukwandisa ubomi bezi mveliso ngokuthintela ukonakala nokugcina umgangatho wazo.
Kwizicelo zamayeza, i-p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, i-monosodium isetyenziswa njengesincedisi kumayeza omlomo kunye neefomyula zangaphandle. Iipropati zayo zokulwa ne-antimicrobial zinceda ukugcina uzinzo kunye nokungabi nazintsholongwane kwezi mveliso, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kwazo.
Ukongeza, i-p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, i-monosodium ineempawu ze-antioxidant, ezenza ukuba ibe luncedo ekuthinteleni umonakalo we-oxidative kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo. Inokunceda ekukhuseleni ekuwohlokeni kwezithako kwaye yandise ukuqina kwemveliso iyonke..
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I-4-Nitrophenyl phosphate disodium salt hexahydrate CAS:4264-83-9
I-4-Nitrophenyl phosphate disodium salt hexahydrate yikhemikhali esetyenziswa kakhulu njengesiseko sokufumanisa umsebenzi wee-enzymes ze-phosphatase. Ibonakala njengomgubo omhlophe ukuya komhlophe kwaye iyanyibilika kakhulu emanzini. Xa isetyenziswa zii-enzymes ze-phosphatase, ifumana impendulo ekhokelela ekuvelisweni kombala otyheli, onokulinganiswa nge-spectrophotometric. Le khemikhali ifumana izicelo kwiimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ze-biochemical kunye neekhithi zokuxilonga zokufumanisa nokulinganisa umsebenzi we-phosphatase kwiisampuli..
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I-Methylphenazinium methosulfate CAS:299-11-6
I-Methylphenazinium methosulfate (MPMS) yikhompawundi esebenzayo kwi-redox esetyenziswa kakhulu njengomthwali we-electron kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo ze-biochemical kunye ne-biophysical. Yityuwa equlathe i-methylphenazinium cation (ikhompawundi ye-heterocyclic) kunye ne-methosulfate anion.
I-MPMS idla ngokusetyenziswa njengendlela eyahlukileyo kwiindawo zokuthwala ii-electron zemveli, ezifana ne-ferricyanide okanye i-phenazine ethosulfate, ngenxa yozinzo lwayo kunye nokunyibilika okuphezulu emanzini. Ineempawu ezilungileyo ze-redox, ezivumela ukuba yamkele kwaye idlulise ii-electron ngexesha leempendulo ze-enzyme.
Enye yeendlela eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kwe-MPMS kukuvavanya okubandakanya ukulinganiswa kokudluliselwa kwee-electron okanye umsebenzi we-enzyme. Isetyenziswa rhoqo kunye nenkqubo ye-enzyme ukujonga ukudluliselwa kwee-electron phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ukuncipha kwe-MPMS kunokubonwa nge-spectrophotometric, apho ukufunxwa kwayo kutshintsha ngenxa yeenkqubo zokudluliselwa kwee-electron.
I-MPMS ikwasetyenziswa kwizifundo ezinxulumene nokuphefumla kwe-mitochondrial kunye ne-oxidative phosphorylation. Ingasebenza njenge-electron acceptor yokwenziwa, ivumela abaphandi ukuba baphande ukusebenza kunye nokulawulwa kwezi nkqubo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji.
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I-4-Nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside CAS:10231-84-2
I-4-Nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside yikhemikhali eyinxalenye yosapho lwee-glycosides. Iqulathe imolekyuli yeswekile ye-fucose eqhotyoshelwe kwiqela le-4-nitrophenyl. Le khompawundi isetyenziswa kakhulu njengesiseko kwizilingo ze-enzymatic ukufunda umsebenzi wee-fucosidases, ezizi-enzymes ezibandakanyeka ekuqhekekeni kwee-molecules ezine-fucose. Xa isetyenziswa yi-enzyme ye-fucosidase, i-4-nitrophenyl-alpha-L-fucopyranoside iyaqhekeka, nto leyo ebangela ukukhululwa kwe-4-nitrophenol, enokulinganiswa ngokobuninzi kusetyenziswa i-spectrophotometry. Le substrate iluncedo ngakumbi kwizifundo ezinxulumene nomsebenzi we-enzymatic, ukucaciswa kwesiseko, ukuhlolwa kwe-inhibitor, kunye ne-kinetics yee-enzymes ze-fucosidase.
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I-N-Ethylmaleimide CAS:128-53-0 Ixabiso lomenzi
I-N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) yikhompawundi encinci yendalo esetyenziswa kakhulu kuphando lwe-biochemistry kunye ne-molecular biology. Isebenza njengesithinteli esithile samaqela e-protein sulfhydryl (thiol) ngokuguqula nokuthintela ngokungenakuphikiswa umsebenzi wawo. I-NEM isabela kakhulu kumaqela e-sulfhydryl, njengalawo afumaneka kwi-amino acid cysteine, kwaye inokusabela kumaqela e-sulfhydryl akhululekileyo kunye nalawo angaphakathi kwi-protein. Oku kwenza i-NEM ibe sisixhobo esiluncedo sokufunda umsebenzi we-protein, ukusebenzisana kwe-protein-protein, kunye nomsebenzi we-enzyme. Iimpawu zayo zokuthintela zisetyenziswe kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, kubandakanya i-proteomics, i-enzymology, i-structural biology, kunye nokufunyanwa kwamayeza.
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I-5-Sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate CAS:5965-83-3
I-5-Sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate yikhemikhali esetyenziswa kakhulu kwiilebhu ze-biochemical kunye nezamayeza. Yinto emhlophe ekristale enyibilikayo kakhulu emanzini. I-5-Sulfosalicylic acid dihydrate yimveliso ye-salicylic acid kwaye inefomula yemolekyuli ye-C7H6O6S. Ihlala isetyenziswa njenge-reagent yokunciphisa iproteni kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa iiproteni kwiisampuli zebhayoloji, ezifana nomchamo kunye ne-serum. Ukongeza, ingasetyenziswa ekumiseleni izinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ii-nucleic acids, ii-enzymes, iihomoni, kunye namayeza. Uhlobo lwe-dihydrate lwekhompawundi lubonisa ukuba ineemolekyuli ezimbini zamanzi kwimolekyuli nganye ye-asidi.
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I-potassium iodide CAS:7681-11-0
I-Potassium iodide (KI) yi-inorganic compound equlathe ii-potassium cations (K+) kunye nee-iodide anions (I-). Yinto emhlophe, eqinileyo ekristale enyibilikayo kakhulu emanzini. I-Potassium iodide ineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kunye nokusetyenziswa ngenxa yeempawu zayo.
Enye yezona ndlela ziphambili zokusebenzisa i-potassium iodide kukwezonyango. Isetyenziswa njengesongezelelo ekunyangeni nasekuthinteleni iimeko ezinxulumene nokungabikho kwe-iodine, ezifana ne-goiter, ukungalingani kwehomoni ye-thyroid, kunye neentlobo ezithile zomhlaza we-thyroid. Ingasetyenziswa njengonyango olungxamisekileyo lokuvezwa kwimitha, njengoko inceda ukuthintela ukufunxwa kwe-iodine ye-radioactive yi-thyroid gland.
I-potassium iodide ikwasetyenziswa kwiindawo zelebhu. Isetyenziswa njenge-reagent kwi-analytical chemistry ukufumanisa ubukho bezinto ezithile, ezifana ne-lead kunye ne-mercury, ngokwenziwa kwee-precipitates ezityheli ezinganyibilikiyo. Ukongeza, ingasetyenziswa njengomthombo wee-ion ze-iodide kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali.
Kwicandelo lokupheka, i-potassium iodide ngamanye amaxesha yongezwa kwityuwa yetafile (ityuwa ene-iodized) njengendlela yokuthintela ukunqongophala kwe-iodine kumaqela abantu. Ityuwa ene-iodized isetyenziswa ngabantu abaninzi kwihlabathi liphela njengomthombo wokutya we-iodine.
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Ityuwa ye-ammonium ye-8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid CAS:28836-03-5
I-8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid Ityuwa ye-ammonium yikhemikhali esetyenziswa kakhulu njengedayi ye-fluorescent. Inesakhiwo esenziwe liqela le-aniline eliqhotyoshelwe kwimolekyuli ye-naphthalenesulfonic acid enetyuwa ye-ammonium. Le khemikhali iyanyibilika emanzini kwaye ibonakalisa ukufunxwa okunamandla kunye nokukhupha ukukhanya okubonakalayo.
Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ze-fluorescent, ityuwa ye-ammonium ye-8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid idla ngokusetyenziswa njengeprobe okanye isalathisi kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo ze-biochemical kunye ne-biophysical. Ingasetyenziselwa ukubona utshintsho kwi-pH, utshintsho lwe-conformation kwiiproteni, ukusebenzisana kweproteni-ligand, kunye nokuba khona kwee-ion ezithile.
Xa ivuyiswa bubude bokukhanya obufanelekileyo, le khompawundi ikhupha ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuqaqambileyo, okuvumela ukuba kubonwe kwaye kulinganiswe lula. Iimpawu zayo zokukhanya ziyenza ibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwiindawo zophando ezifana nebhayoloji yemolekyuli, i-biochemistry, kunye nebhayoloji yeseli.
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I-Sodium dodecyl sulfate CAS:151-21-3
I-Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sisithako esisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-anionic surfactant esisetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo nakwizicelo zophando. Sisithako esimhlophe okanye umgubo onyibilikayo emanzini kwaye senza i-foam eqinileyo, ezinzileyo xa ishukunyiswa. I-SDS yaziwa ngokukwazi kwayo ukunyibilikisa nokuguqula iiproteni, okwenza ukuba ibe luncedo ekukhupheni iiproteni, ekucoceni, nakwiindlela ze-electrophoresis. Ukongeza, i-SDS isetyenziswa kakhulu njengesepha kwiimveliso zasekhaya nezokhathalelo lomntu, kunye nakwizicelo zokucoca kwimizi-mveliso. Ikwasisithako esibalulekileyo kwiimvavanyo ezininzi ze-biochemical kunye ne-molecular biology, apho isetyenziselwa i-cell lysis, i-DNA isolation, kunye ne-arhente ye-denaturing kwi-gel electrophoresis.
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I-BCA-2K CAS:207124-63-8 Ixabiso lomenzi
I-BCA-2K imele i-Beta-Carotene Apocarotenoid-2-Ketolase. Yi-enzyme edlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-biosynthesis ye-pigment yezityalo ebizwa ngokuba yi-apocarotenoids. Ezi pigment zithathwe kwi-molecule ye-precursor beta-carotene kwaye zibandakanyeka kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji kwizityalo.
I-BCA-2K ikhuthaza ngokukodwa ukuguqulwa kwe-beta-carotene ibe yi-apocarotenoids ethile ngokongeza iqela le-ketone kwimolekyuli. Le mpendulo ye-enzyme ibalulekile ekuvelisweni kwe-apocarotenoids ethile enemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yebhayoloji kunye nemisebenzi kwizityalo.
Ii-Apocarotenoids eziveliswa yi-BCA-2K zifunyenwe zidlala indima ekuphuhlisweni kwezityalo, kwiimpendulo zoxinzelelo, nasekukhuseleni kwiintsholongwane kunye nezinambuzane. Zingasebenza njengee-molecules zokubonisa ezibandakanyeka kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-physiological.
Uphononongo lwe-BCA-2K kunye nendima yayo kwi-apocarotenoid biosynthesis alubalulekanga nje kuphela ekuqondeni ibhayoloji yezityalo kodwa lukwanokusetyenziswa okunokwenzeka kwiindawo ezifana nokuphucula izityalo, ukuzalisa izityalo, kunye nophuhliso lweemveliso zendalo ezineenzuzo zonyango okanye zesondlo.
